Markets:
Traditionally , a market was a physical place where buyers and sells gathered to buy and sell goods.Economists describe a market as a collection of buyers and sellers who transact over a particular or product class . Consumers sell their labor and receive money with which they pay for goods and services.The government collects tax revenues to buy goods from resource, manufacturer, and intermediary markets and uses these goods and services to provide public services.Each nation's economy , and the global economy ,consists of interacting sets of markets Linked through exchange processes.
Key Customer Markets:
Consumer Markets:
Companies selling mass consumer goods and services such as juices, cosmetics,athletic shoes, and air travel spend a great deal of time establishing a strong brand image by developing a superior product and packaging, ensuring its availability and backing it with engaging communications and reliable service.
Business Markets:
Companies selling business goods and services often face well-informed professional buyers skilled at evaluating competitive offerings.Business buyers buy goods to make or resell a product to others at a profit.Business markets must demonstrate how their products will help achieve higher revenue or lower costs. Adverting can play a role,but the sales force, the price and the company's reputation may play a greater one.
Global Markets:
Companies in the global market place must decide which countries to enter; how to enter each (as an exporter, license, joint venture partner,contract manufactures, or solo manufacture ), how to adapt product and service features to each country, how to price products in different countries; and how to design communications for different cultures.
Non-profit and Governmental Markets:
Companies selling to non-profit organizations with limited purchasing power such as churches, universities, charitable organizations, and government agencies need to price carefully.Lower selling price affect the features and quality the sellers can build into the offering.Much government purchasing calls for bids, and buyers often focus on practical solutions and favor the lowest bid in the absence of extenuating factors.
0 comments:
Post a Comment